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The French equivalent is

  • 1 equivalent

    equivalent [ɪ'kwɪvələnt]
    équivalent;
    to be equivalent to sth être équivalent à qch, équivaloir à qch;
    is there an equivalent organization in France? y a-t-il une organisation équivalente en France?;
    that would be equivalent to saying that… cela reviendrait à dire que…
    2 noun
    équivalent m;
    the French equivalent for "pound" l'équivalent français du mot "pound";
    it costs the equivalent of £5 per week cela coûte l'équivalent de 5 livres par semaine
    ►► Chemistry equivalent weight poids m équivalent

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > equivalent

  • 2 French Reeling

    Reeling yarn is a process used when the yarn is required to be bleached or dyed. Usually the cross reeling method is adopted because there is less waste and a broken thread is easily found when winding. French reeling is practically the same as the English, but differs in the lengths of the hanks which are 1,000 metres. The circumference of the French reel is 1-43 metres = 561/4-in. The hanks are usually made into bundles of 5 kilogrammes, approximately 11-lb. Generally the counts of the yarn of French hanks is given according to the English denomination, where this is not the case, the English equivalent is obtained by multiplying the French count by 1.18

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > French Reeling

  • 3 equivalent

    1. adjective
    1) (equal, having same result) gleichwertig; (corresponding) entsprechend

    be equivalent to doing something — dasselbe sein, wie wenn man etwas tut

    2) (meaning the same) äquivalent (Sprachw.); entsprechend

    these two words are [not] equivalent in meaning — diese beiden Wörter sind [nicht] bedeutungsgleich

    2. noun
    1) (equivalent or corresponding thing or person) Pendant, das, Gegenstück, das (of zu)
    2) (word etc. having same meaning) Entsprechung, die (of zu); Äquivalent, das (of für)
    3) (thing having same result)
    * * *
    [i'kwivələnt] 1. adjective
    (equal in value, power, meaning etc: A metre is not quite equivalent to a yard; Would you say that `bravery' and `courage' are exactly equivalent?)
    2. noun
    (something or someone that is equivalent to something or someone else: This word has no equivalent in French.) die Entsprechung
    * * *
    equiva·lent
    [ɪˈkwɪvələnt]
    I. adj inv äquivalent geh, entsprechend, gleichwertig
    to be \equivalent to sth etw dat entsprechen
    is $50 \equivalent to about £30? sind 50 Dollar ungefähr so viel wie 30 Pfund?
    to be \equivalent to doing sth genauso sein, als ob man etw tun würde
    this is \equivalent to writing... genauso gut könnte man schreiben,...
    II. n Äquivalent nt geh (for/of für + akk), Entsprechung f; FIN Gegenwert m
    there is no English \equivalent for ‘bon appetit’ im Englischen gibt es keinen entsprechenden Ausdruck für ‚bon appetit‘
    * * *
    [I'kwɪvələnt]
    1. adj
    1) (= equal) gleich, gleichwertig, äquivalent

    that's equivalent to saying... — das ist gleichbedeutend damit, zu sagen...

    2) (= corresponding) entsprechend, äquivalent

    the equivalent institution in America an equivalent salary in 1985 would have been... — die entsprechende Einrichtung in Amerika, das amerikanische Äquivalent dazu ein entsprechendes Gehalt wäre im Jahre 1985... gewesen

    it is equivalent to £30 — das entspricht £ 30

    ... or the equivalent value in francs —... oder der Gegenwert in Francs

    3) (CHEM) gleichwertig; (GEOMETRY) äquivalent
    4)

    that's equivalent to lyingdas ist so viel wie gelogen

    2. n
    Äquivalent nt; (= counterpart) Gegenstück nt, Pendant nt; (= person) Pendant nt

    that is the equivalent of... — das entspricht... (dat)

    what is the equivalent in euros?was ist der Gegenwert in Euro?

    ... or the equivalent in cash —...oder der Gegenwert in bar

    * * *
    A adj (adv equivalently)
    1. gleichbedeutend (to mit)
    2. gleichwertig, entsprechend, äquivalent ( auch MATH)( alle:
    to dat):
    be equivalent to gleichkommen, entsprechen (dat);
    3. CHEM äquivalent ( auch MATH, PHYS), von gleicher Wertigkeit:
    equivalent number Valenzzahl f
    4. GEOL (im Ursprung) gleichzeitig
    B s
    1. (of) Äquivalent n (für), (genaue) Entsprechung, Gegen-, Seitenstück n (zu)
    2. gleicher Betrag, Gegenwert m
    eq. abk
    equiv. abk equivalent
    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) (equal, having same result) gleichwertig; (corresponding) entsprechend

    be equivalent to doing something — dasselbe sein, wie wenn man etwas tut

    2) (meaning the same) äquivalent (Sprachw.); entsprechend

    these two words are [not] equivalent in meaning — diese beiden Wörter sind [nicht] bedeutungsgleich

    2. noun
    1) (equivalent or corresponding thing or person) Pendant, das, Gegenstück, das (of zu)
    2) (word etc. having same meaning) Entsprechung, die (of zu); Äquivalent, das (of für)
    * * *
    adj.
    gleichviel adj.
    gleichwertig adj.
    äquivalent (Mathematik) adj.

    English-german dictionary > equivalent

  • 4 equivalent

    1. [ıʹkwıv(ə)lənt] n
    1. эквивалент, равноценный заменитель

    the exact equivalent of the English word ❝home❞ - точный эквивалент английского слова home

    popular equivalents of Latin botanical names - народные названия, заменяющие латинские ботанические наименования

    2. физ., хим. эквивалент
    3. шахм. компенсация
    2. [ıʹkwıv(ə)lənt] a
    1. равноценный, равносильный, равный по величине или значению; эквивалентный

    what is $5 equivalent to in French money? - чему равняются 5 долларов в переводе на франки?

    his remark is equivalent to an insult - его замечание не что иное, как оскорбление /равносильно оскорблению/

    2. мат. равный по площади
    3. геол. соответствующий по геологическому возрасту или стратиграфическому положению

    НБАРС > equivalent

  • 5 equivalent

    i'kwivələnt 1. adjective
    (equal in value, power, meaning etc: A metre is not quite equivalent to a yard; Would you say that `bravery' and `courage' are exactly equivalent?) tilsvarende, ekvivalent
    2. noun
    (something or someone that is equivalent to something or someone else: This word has no equivalent in French.) motstykke, noe tilsvarende
    lik
    --------
    like
    I
    subst. \/ɪˈkwɪvələnt\/
    1) ekvivalent, det å være ekvivalent, likeverdighet
    2) motstykke, noe som er tilsvarende
    3) (fysikk, kjemi, elektronikk) ekvivalent
    the equivalent of som svarer til, som tilsvarer, som oppveier
    equivalent weight ( kjemi) gramekvivalent
    II
    adj. \/ɪˈkwɪvələnt\/
    1) tilsvarende, som svarer til, ekvivalent
    2) (fysikk, kjemi, matematikk) ekvivalent
    equivalent to (som) svarer til, tilsvarende, ensbetydende med
    motstykke til

    English-Norwegian dictionary > equivalent

  • 6 equivalent

    ɪˈkwɪvələnt
    1. сущ. эквивалент an approximate equivalent ≈ примерный эквивалент, модель an exact equivalent ≈ точная копия
    2. прил. равноценный, равнозначащий;
    равносильный;
    равнозначный, эквивалентный (in;
    to) Syn: equal, of equal worth, of equal value эквивалент, равноценный заменитель - the exact * of the English word "home" точный эквивалент английского слова "home" - popular *s of Latin botanical hames народные названия, заменяющие латинские ботанические наименования (физическое) (химическое) эквивалент (шахматное) компенсация равноценный, равносильный, равный по величине или значению;
    эквивалентный - what is $ 5 * to in French money? чему равняются 5 долларов в переводе на франки? - his remark is * to an insult его замечание не что иное, как оскорбление (математика) равный по площади (геология) соответствующий по геологическому возрасту или стратиграфическому положению actuarial ~ эквивалент страхового возмещения cash ~ эквивалент наличности equivalent равносильный ~ равноценный, равнозначащий;
    равносильный;
    эквивалентный ~ равноценный ~ равноценный заменитель ~ равный по величине ~ равный по значению ~ соответствующий ~ соответствующий итог ~ эквивалент ~ эквивалентный nearest ~ ближайшая альтернатива

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > equivalent

  • 7 CAC 40

       The best known of the French stock market indices, the "CAC" (an acronym) is the index used to track the performance of the 40 largest capitalisations on the French stock exchange ( la Bourse). In this respect, it is the French equivalent of the FTSE 100 in the UK, or the Dow Jones index in the USA. See also SBF 250.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > CAC 40

  • 8 Tribunal d'Instance

       The lowest level in the hierarchy of the French courts system, for the hearing of small cases. The Tribunal d'Instance is the French equivalent of a UK Magistrate's Court, except for the fact that a TI is overseen by a juge, a stipendiary magistrate (i.e. a trained jurist, paid for the job), not by Justices of the Peace (unpaid volunteer citizens). The concept of Justice of the Peace, as found in many English-speaking countries, does not exist in the French legal system.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Tribunal d'Instance

  • 9 Césars

    The French equivalent of the Hollywood Oscars. At the annual televised ceremony, prizes are awarded to cinema personalities for achievements in the previous cinema and TV year. The prize was designed by the French sculptor César, hence its name

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > Césars

  • 10 Comté

       The French equivalent of the cheese that in Switzerland is called Gruyère. Comté is an AOC cheese, manufactured only from the milk of Montbéliard cows, grazing in upland pastures in the Franche Comté region, north of the Swiss border.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Comté

  • 11 Directeur de Cabinet

       the senior civil servant who, with the Minister, is in charge of running a government department or ministry. The French equivalent of a Permanent Secrety (Permanent under secretary of state) in a British government department. More generally, the salaried employee in charge of the cabinet (office) of a politician or elected representative..

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Directeur de Cabinet

  • 12 Médiateur de la République

       the French equivalent of the U.K's Ombudsman, an independent arbitrator whose job is to solve conflicts between induviduals and the state. Individual citizens wishing to use the services of the Médiateur cannot apply directly, but must do so by first contacting their local M.P. ( Député).

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Médiateur de la République

  • 13 Chambre d'hôte

       The French equivalent of "bed and breakfast".

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Chambre d'hôte

  • 14 Gauche Caviar

       the French equivalent of "Champagne socialism" or "armchair socialism" ; pejorative term used to describe people professing left-wing opinions that are somewhat in contradiction with their own lifestyle.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Gauche Caviar

  • 15 Colours

    Not all English colour terms have a single exact equivalent in French: for instance, in some circumstances brown is marron, in others brun. If in doubt, look the word up in the dictionary.
    Colour terms
    what colour is it?
    = c’est de quelle couleur? or (more formally) de quelle couleur est-il?
    it’s green
    = il est vert or elle est verte
    to paint sth green
    = peindre qch en vert
    to dye sth green
    = teindre qch en vert
    to wear green
    = porter du vert
    dressed in green
    = habillé de vert
    Colour nouns are all masculine in French:
    I like green
    = j’aime le vert
    I prefer blue
    = je préfère le bleu
    red suits her
    = le rouge lui va bien
    it’s a pretty yellow!
    = c’est un joli jaune!
    have you got it in white?
    = est-ce que vous l’avez en blanc?
    a pretty shade of blue
    = un joli ton de bleu
    it was a dreadful green
    = c’était un vert affreux
    a range of greens
    = une gamme de verts
    Most adjectives of colour agree with the noun they modify:
    a blue coat
    = un manteau bleu
    a blue dress
    = une robe bleue
    blue clothes
    = des vêtements bleus
    Some that don’t agree are explained below.
    Words that are not true adjectives
    Some words that translate English adjectives are really nouns in French, and so don’t show agreement:
    a brown shoe
    = une chaussure marron
    orange tablecloths
    = des nappes fpl orange
    hazel eyes
    = des yeux mpl noisette
    Other French words like this include: cerise ( cherry-red), chocolat ( chocolate-brown) and émeraude ( emerald-green).
    Shades of colour
    Expressions like pale blue, dark green or light yellow are also invariable in French and show no agreement:
    a pale blue shirt
    = une chemise bleu pâle
    dark green blankets
    = des couvertures fpl vert foncé
    a light yellow tie
    = une cravate jaune clair
    bright yellow socks
    = des chaussettes fpl jaune vif
    French can also use the colour nouns here: instead of une chemise bleu pâle you could say une chemise d’un bleu pâle ; and similarly des couvertures d’un vert foncé (etc). The nouns in French are normally used to translate English adjectives of this type ending in -er and -est:
    a darker blue
    = un bleu plus foncé
    the dress was a darker blue
    = la robe était d’un bleu plus foncé
    Similarly:
    a lighter blue
    = un bleu plus clair (etc.)
    In the following examples, blue stands for most basic colour terms:
    pale blue
    = bleu pâle
    light blue
    = bleu clair
    bright blue
    = bleu vif
    dark blue
    = bleu foncé
    deep blue
    = bleu profond
    strong blue
    = bleu soutenu
    Other types of compound in French are also invariable, and do not agree with their nouns:
    a navy-blue jacket
    = une veste bleu marine
    These compounds include: bleu ciel ( sky-blue), vert pomme ( apple-green), bleu nuit ( midnight-blue), rouge sang ( blood-red) etc. However, all English compounds do not translate directly into French. If in doubt, check in the dictionary.
    French compounds consisting of two colour terms linked with a hyphen are also invariable:
    a blue-black material
    = une étoffe bleu-noir
    a greenish-blue cup
    = une tasse bleu-vert
    a greeny-yellow dress
    = une robe vert-jaune
    English uses the ending -ish, or sometimes -y, to show that something is approximately a certain colour, e.g. a reddish hat or a greenish paint. The French equivalent is -âtre:
    blue-ish
    = bleuâtre
    greenish or greeny
    = verdâtre
    greyish
    = grisâtre
    reddish
    = rougeâtre
    yellowish or yellowy
    = jaunâtre
    etc.
    Other similar French words are rosâtre, noirâtre and blanchâtre. Note however that these words are often rather negative in French. It is better not to use them if you want to be complimentary about something. Use instead tirant sur le rouge/jaune etc.
    To describe a special colour, English can add -coloured to a noun such as raspberry (framboise) or flesh (chair). Note how this is said in French, where the two-word compound with couleur is invariable, and, unlike English, never has a hyphen:
    a chocolate-coloured skirt
    = une jupe couleur chocolat
    raspberry-coloured fabric
    = du tissu couleur framboise
    flesh-coloured tights
    = un collant couleur chair
    Colour verbs
    English makes some colour verbs by adding -en (e.g. blacken). Similarly French has some verbs in -ir made from colour terms:
    to blacken
    = noircir
    to redden
    = rougir
    to whiten
    = blanchir
    The other French colour terms that behave like this are: bleu (bleuir), jaune (jaunir), rose (rosir) and vert (verdir). It is always safe, however, to use devenir, thus:
    to turn purple
    = devenir violet
    Describing people
    Note the use of the definite article in the following:
    to have black hair
    = avoir les cheveux noirs
    to have blue eyes
    = avoir les yeux bleus
    Note the use of à in the following:
    a girl with blue eyes
    = une jeune fille aux yeux bleus
    the man with black hair
    = l’homme aux cheveux noirs
    Not all colours have direct equivalents in French. The following words are used for describing the colour of someone’s hair (note that les cheveux is plural in French):
    fair
    = blond
    dark
    = brun
    blonde or blond
    = blond
    brown
    = châtain inv
    red
    = roux
    black
    = noir
    grey
    = gris
    white
    = blanc
    Check other terms such as yellow, ginger, auburn, mousey etc. in the dictionary.
    Note these nouns in French:
    a fair-haired man
    = un blond
    a fair-haired woman
    = une blonde
    a dark-haired man
    = un brun
    a dark-haired woman
    = une brune
    The following words are useful for describing the colour of someone’s eyes:
    blue
    = bleu
    light blue
    = bleu clair inv
    light brown
    = marron clair inv
    brown
    = marron inv
    hazel
    = noisette inv
    green
    = vert
    grey
    = gris
    greyish-green
    = gris-vert inv
    dark
    = noir

    Big English-French dictionary > Colours

  • 16 Usage note : may

    When may (or may have) is used with another verb in English to convey possibility, French will generally use the adverb peut-être ( perhaps) with the equivalent verb:
    it may rain
    = il pleuvra peut-être
    we may never know what happened
    = nous ne saurons peut-être jamais ce qui s’est passé
    he may have got lost
    = il s’est peut-être perdu
    Alternatively, and more formally, the construction il se peut que + subjunctive may be used: il se peut qu’il pleuve ; il se peut que nous ne sachions jamais. For particular usages, see 1 in the entry may1.
    peut-être is also used in French to convey concession:
    he may be slow but he’s not stupid
    = il est peut-être lent mais il n’est pas bête
    you may think I’m crazy but …
    = tu penses peut-être que je suis fou mais…
    When may is used to convey permission, the French equivalent is pouvoir:
    you may close the door
    = vous pouvez fermer la porte
    Note that the polite question may I…? is translated by puis-je…?:
    may I make a suggestion?
    = puis-je faire une suggestion?
    For particular usages, see 2 in the entry may1.
    When may is used in rather formal English to convey purpose in the construction in order that + may, the French equivalent is pour que + subjunctive:
    in order that he may know
    = pour qu’il sache
    When may is used with another verb to express a wish, the French uses que + subjunctive:
    may they be happy!
    = qu’ils soient heureux!
    long may it last!
    = que ça dure!
    When may well + verb is used to convey likelihood, the French uses il est fort possible que + subjunctive:
    he may well have gone elsewhere
    = il est fort possible qu’il soit allé ailleurs
    But note:
    that may well be but…
    = c’est possible mais…
    In the phrase may as well, may is used interchangeably with might, which is more frequently used. For translations see the entry might1.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : may

  • 17 entsprechend

    I Part. Präs. entsprechen
    II Adj.
    1. (übereinstimmend) corresponding (+ Dat to); sinngemäß: analogous (to); im Verhältnis: proportionate (to), commensurate (with), due (to); (gleichwertig) equivalent (to); der entsprechende französische Ausdruck the French equivalent; das Essen war miserabel und der Wein war entsprechend and so was the wine, and the wine was no better
    2. (angemessen) appropriate (+ Dat to), adequate, right (for); (erforderlich) necessary (for, to); hart arbeiten und ein entsprechendes Gehalt bekommen receive a commensurate salary ( oder a salary in keeping)
    3. (jeweilig) respective; (betreffend) relevant, nachgestellt: auch concerned, affected; (zuständig) appropriate, competent
    III Adv. correspondingly etc.; siehe I; er verhielt sich entsprechend he acted accordingly ( oder responded appropriately); entsprechend hat er geantwortet he gave a fitting reply; dicke Arme und entsprechend dicke Beine and legs to match, and equally fat legs
    IV Präp. (+ Dat) (gemäß) according to, in line with umg.; (befolgend) in compliance with; sich seinem Alter entsprechend benehmen act one’s age, act in a manner befitting one’s age förm.; wie geht es ihr? - den Umständen entsprechend as well as can be expected (in the circumstances); wie ist die Stimmung? - den Umständen entsprechend (much) as one might expect in the circumstances, much as you’d expect umg.
    * * *
    according to (Präp.); congruent (Adj.); correspondent (Adj.); corresponding (Adj.); congruous (Adj.); accordingly (Adv.); analogous (Adj.); in compliance with (Präp.); in accordance with (Präp.); acc. (Präp.); equivalent (Adj.); pursuant to (Präp.); adequate (Adj.); appropriate (Adj.)
    * * *
    ent|sprẹ|chend
    1. adj
    corresponding; (= zuständig) relevant; (= angemessen) appropriate

    der Film war besonders geschmacklos, und die Kritiken waren dann auch entsprechend — the film was particularly tasteless and the reviews of it were correspondingly harsh

    2. adv
    accordingly; (= ähnlich, gleich) correspondingly

    er wurde entsprechend bestrafthe was suitably or appropriately punished

    etw entsprechend würdigento show suitable appreciation for sth

    3. prep +dat
    in accordance with, according to; (= ähnlich, gleich) corresponding to
    See:
    * * *
    1) (in agreement (with the circumstances etc): Find out what has happened and act accordingly.) accordingly
    2) (similar, matching: The rainfall this month is not as high as for the corresponding month last year.) corresponding
    3) (alike (in some way): There are parallel passages in the two books.) parallel
    * * *
    ent·spre·chend
    [ɛntˈʃprɛçn̩t]
    I. adj
    1. (angemessen) appropriate, corresponding
    2. (zuständig) relevant
    II. präp + dat in accordance with, according to, corresponding to
    den Bestimmungen \entsprechend in accordance with regulations
    * * *
    1.
    1) corresponding; (angemessen) appropriate <payment, reply, etc.>
    2) nicht attr. (dementsprechend) in accordance postpos.
    3) nicht präd. (betreffend, zuständig) relevant <department etc.>; < person> concerned
    2.
    1) (angemessen) appropriately
    2) (dementsprechend) accordingly
    3.
    Präposition mit Dativ in accordance with
    * * *
    A. ppr entsprechen
    B. adj
    1. (übereinstimmend) corresponding (+dat to); sinngemäß: analogous (to); im Verhältnis: proportionate (to), commensurate (with), due (to); (gleichwertig) equivalent (to);
    und der Wein war entsprechend and so was the wine, and the wine was no better
    2. (angemessen) appropriate (+dat to), adequate, right (for); (erforderlich) necessary (for, to);
    ein entsprechendes Gehalt bekommen receive a commensurate salary ( oder a salary in keeping)
    3. (jeweilig) respective; (betreffend) relevant, nachgestellt: auch concerned, affected; (zuständig) appropriate, competent
    C. adv correspondingly etc; A;
    er verhielt sich entsprechend he acted accordingly ( oder responded appropriately);
    entsprechend hat er geantwortet he gave a fitting reply;
    und entsprechend dicke Beine and legs to match, and equally fat legs
    D. präp (+dat) (gemäß) according to, in line with umg; (befolgend) in compliance with;
    sich seinem Alter entsprechend benehmen act one’s age, act in a manner befitting one’s age form;
    wie geht es ihr? -
    den Umständen entsprechend as well as can be expected (in the circumstances);
    wie ist die Stimmung? -
    den Umständen entsprechend (much) as one might expect in the circumstances, much as you’d expect umg
    * * *
    1.
    1) corresponding; (angemessen) appropriate <payment, reply, etc.>
    2) nicht attr. (dementsprechend) in accordance postpos.
    3) nicht präd. (betreffend, zuständig) relevant <department etc.>; < person> concerned
    2.
    1) (angemessen) appropriately
    2) (dementsprechend) accordingly
    3.
    Präposition mit Dativ in accordance with

    es geht ihm den Umständen entsprechend — he is as well as can be expected [in the circumstances]

    * * *
    adj.
    adequate adj.
    analogical adj.
    appropriate adj.
    congruent adj.
    congruous adj.
    correlative adj.
    correspondent adj.
    corresponding adj.
    homologous adj.
    obverse adj.
    pertinent adj. adv.
    according to adj.
    accordingly adv.
    considering adv.
    correlatively adv.
    obversely adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > entsprechend

  • 18 nègre

    n. m.
    1. Ghost-writer, one who does the literary donkey-work for a famous and otherwise busy author.
    2. Faire le nègre: To be landed with all the chores.
    3. Faire comme le nègre, continuer: To carry on with what one is doing. (The origin of what could loosely be called an ironical catch phrase is to be found in the seemingly pointless comment uttered by Marshal Mac-Mahon, President of the French Republic in the 1870s. When visiting a military academy he asked a junior recruit what his functions were and when told 'Je suis le nègre', i.e. one acting as a temporary batman, MacMahon, always lost for a word, simply said:
    'Eh bien, continuez!'. the French equivalent to the military: 'Carry on as you were!')
    4. Parler petit nègre: To speak broken French. ( Petit nègre is the French counterpart to pidgin English.)
    5. C'est comme un combat de nègres dans un tunnel (joc. & iron.): I defy anyone to make head or tail of all this!

    Dictionary of Modern Colloquial French > nègre

  • 19 Sécurité Sociale, la

       (see also Caisse Primaire)
       the French national health insurance scheme. This expression does not usually translate into English as "social security", but is the French equivalent of Britain's NHS. All people in work pay must pay contributions into the Sécurité Sociale; as a result, they and their dependents receive largely subsidised or free health treatment. In recent years, the cost of running the health service has mushroomed, and the "trou" or hole in the Health Service budget has grown ; this has led to the introduction of token charges, a reduction in the reimbursement of certain medicines, and other cost-cutting measures. While the French health care system remains among the best in the world, and primary health care in France is generally excellent, waiting lists have begun to appear for certain types of specialist treatment, and some hospital services have been closed for economic reasons.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Sécurité Sociale, la

  • 20 AFNOR

       the AFNOR is the French standards institute, and a member of the International Standards Organisation (ISO). It is responsible for determining French industrial standards, in line with European standards, and if necessary overseeing their application. AFNOR delivers certificates of conformity, allowing products to display the AFNOR label, the French equivalent of Britain's Kitemark.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > AFNOR

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